Individual and cooperative problem-solving in giant otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) and Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinerea) (#894)
Otters (Lutrinae)
have been largely neglected with regard to experimental investigation of their
cognitive skills. This is surprising because some otter species show traits that
are suggested to be an indication of heightened cognitive skills in other taxa:
e.g. cooperative breeding and hunting, large relative neocortex size (compared
to other carnivores), neophilia and social complexity. We present the first
experimental investigation of individual and cooperative problem-solving abilities
in two species: giant otters (Pteronura
brasiliensis) and Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinerea). Field observations suggest that the very social
giant otters cooperate in a variety of contexts including hunting, defence against predators
and provisioning of young. Asian small-clawed otters are thought to be less
social, feeding on prey that can be caught individually. On the basis of their
socioecology, we therefore expect giant otters to have developed skills for
cooperation such as behavioural coordination. In order to investigate this
hypothesis we present the two groups with a well-established cooperative
problem-solving task that has been used to study behavioural coordination in a
range of species. In an initial step, we investigate individual problem solving in five captive giant
otters and four captive Asian small-clawed otters. Subjects could access food
by pulling a rope attached to a baited board towards them. Individuals were
successful after only few sessions, efficiently refining their techniques over
time. As a second step, we build on the performance in the
individual task to investigate the cooperative skills of both
species. In order to access out-of-reach food two individuals need to
coordinate actions to pull simultaneously on either end of a rope to move a
board towards them. Here, we will present the results from our ongoing study.